Travelers at a growing number of U.S. airports are encountering shuttered security checkpoints and waiting hours in lines that extend well outside the terminals as the partial government shutdown enters its fifth week.

About 50,000 Transportation Security Administration officers have been working without pay since Feb. 14 as Congress remains at an impasse over funding for the Department of Homeland Security, which oversees the T.S.A., because of a disagreement on immigration enforcement.

T.S.A. officers missed their first full paycheck on Friday after receiving only a partial paycheck at the end of February. As bills and rent come due, a growing number of T.S.A. employees have picked up second jobs, sometimes calling out sick to do so. More than 300 officers have quit since the shutdown started, according to the department, and more than 10 percent did not report to work on Sunday.

“Our officers are coming to work, but there’s going to be a breaking point sooner or later,” said Christine Vitel, a T.S.A. officer at Chicago O’Hare International Airport and the executive vice president of the American Federation of Government Employees Local 777, a union representing T.S.A. officers in Illinois and Wisconsin.

Ms. Vitel said that at least two members of her union had been evicted because they were unable to pay their rent. During the lengthy government shutdown last fall, she said, government employees received extensions or interest-free loans from landlords and financial institutions. This time, she said, much of the public isn’t even aware there’s a shutdown. Ms. Vitel has considered asking her father for a loan so she can pay her credit card bills.

“People deserve their pay,” she said.

D.H.S. did not respond to a request for comment.

Longer Waits and Missed Flights

A handful of small airports bore the brunt of the disruptions in the early stages of the shutdown, but in recent days the long lines have spread to busier hubs.

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